Building a Leadership Support Scale for Secondary Administrations from the Perspective of Physical Education Teachers in Secondary Schools in Salah Al-Din Governorate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25130/sc.2026.17.4Keywords:
- Leadership Support - Secondary Administrations - Physical Education - Teachers, Schools - Salah Al-Din GovernorateAbstract
The study aims to build the Leadership Support Scale for Secondary Administrations from the Perspective of Physical Education Teachers in Secondary Schools in Salah Al-Din Governorate, and to identify the dimensions of the Leadership Support Scale for Secondary School Administrations in Salah Al-Din Governorate from the point of view of physical education teachers.
The research population consisted of (515) physical education teachers in secondary schools in Salah Al-Din Governorate for the academic year (2025-2026), and the community was divided into (35) teachers for the survey experiment, and (287) for statistical analysis, and the application sample included (154) teachers, after which the scale was built and data were collected and processed by the statistical program (SPSS)The researchers reached many conclusions, most notably: Leadership support is the main that should enhance the teacher to adapt to the surrounding environment and overcome obstacles during work, the level of leadership support among teachers meets the need for development and development in performance within the educational institution.
References
1. Al-Azzawi, Ibrahim Faisal. (2020). Visionary Leadership and Its Role in Managing Sports Talent According to the Coaching Competencies of Premier League Volleyball Club Coaches from the Players' Perspective. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tikrit, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tikrit, Iraq.
2. Al-Azzawi, Ibrahim Faisal. (November 9, 2025). Identifying the Dimensions of the Leadership Support Scale. Interview by Dawood Hassan Ahmed.
3. Al-Azzawi, Ibrahim Faisal, Shehatha, Othman Mahmoud, & Khalaf, Salem. (December 2, 2025). Formulating the Items of the Leadership Support Scale. Interview by Dawood Hassan Ahmed.
4. Al-Harthi, Ameera Hatem, & Al-Shamasi, Areej Abdulrahman. (2023). The Role of Supportive Leadership in Enhancing Organizational Trust: A Field Study on Employees of Non-Profit Organizations in Jeddah Governorate. Arab Journal of Publishing, 6(52), February.
5. Bahar, Idris, & Kocoglu. (2018). Employee Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in Civilized Malaysia: Connecting the Dots Through the Context of Organizational Change Management. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 31(3).
6. Bloom, Benjamin S., et al. (1983). Student Learning Assessment: Summative and Formative Evaluation (Arabic translation by Mohammed Amin Al-Mufti et al.). Cairo: McGraw-Hill Publishing House.
7. Al-Miyahi, Jaafar Abdul Kadhim. (2011). Educational Measurement and Evaluation (1st ed.). Amman: Dar Kunooz Al-Ma'rifah for Publishing and Distribution.
8. Ali, Radwan Kazem, & Yaseen, Mohammed Mustafa. (2025). Administrative Competencies of Sports Activity Unit Directors and Their Role in the Sports Selection of Athletes from the Perspective of Physical Education Teachers. Published research, Sports Culture Journal, Proceedings of the First Scientific Conference, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tikrit.
9. Mahmoud, Issa Najm, & Ali, Jassim Abbas. (2025). Construction of an Irrational Beliefs Scale for Students of the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Anbar. Published research, Sports Culture Journal, Proceedings of the First Scientific Conference, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tikrit.
10. Karim, Ghaith Mohammed, et al. (2023). The Effect of the Microteaching Method on Learning Overhead and Underhand Passing Skills in Volleyball. Published research, Sports Culture Journal, Proceedings of the First Scientific Conference, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tikrit.
11. Saad, Mahmoud Ibrahim. (2016). The Role of Leadership Support and Its Relationship with Extra-Role Behavior from the Perspective of Faculty Members at the Faculties of Education, Alexandria University and King Khalid University. Published research, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Beni Suef University, Part One.
12. Al-Zamili, Ali Hussein. (2017). Construction and Standardization of Psychological Scales. Baghdad: Dar Al-Kutub and National Archives.
13. Al-Khatib, Mohammed Ahmed, & Al-Khatib, Ahmed Hamed. (2011). Psychological Tests and Measurements (1st ed.). Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Hamed for Publishing and Distribution.
14. Al-Taie, Mohammed Khair Al-Din. (2016). The Effect of Using the Cognitive-Behavioral Approach on Negative Emotional Responses and Self-Presentation Anxiety among Substitute Football Players. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mosul, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences.
15. Hassanein, Mohammed Sobhi. (2004). Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sport Sciences (6th ed.). Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi for Publishing and Distribution.
16. Muhaidi, Moaymen Saleh, & Ali, Jassim Abbas. (2025). Construction of a Sport Excellence Orientation Scale for Students of the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Tikrit. Published research, Sports Culture Journal, Proceedings of the First Scientific Conference, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tikrit.
Frazier, M. Lance, et al. (2010). Organizational Justice, Trustworthiness, and Trust: A Multifoci Examination. Group & Organization Management, 35(1).
Lee, C. C., et al. (2023). The Relationships Between Leader Emotional Intelligence, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, and Job Performance: A Mediating Model of Trust. Heliyon, 9(8).
Noorazim, N. A., et al. (2021). The Effects of Reward System on Employee Performance. Journal Intelek, 16(1).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 داود حسن احمد، صون كول بلال مراد
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE UNDER THE CC BY LICENSE. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/